The Royal Navy and the Dutch fleet square off. Michiel de Ruyter needs to clear the way for the merchant fleet to get home, or else the Dutch economy might collapse. George Monck, Duke of Albemarle, is outnumbered and outgunned, and Prince Rupert races to join him.

• Nicholas Rodgers, The Command of the Ocean: A Naval History of Britain, Volume 2, 1649–1815
• Anna Keay, The Restless Republic, 2022.
• Rebecca Rideal, 1666: Plague, War, and Hellfire, 2016.
• Frank Fox, The Four Days' Battle: The Greatest Sea Fight of the Age of Sail, 2009.
• David Onnekink & Gijs Rommelse, The Dutch in the Early Modern World.
• Steve Murdoch, The terror of the Seas: Scottish Maritime Warfare, 1513-1713, 2010.

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