In late April, an unlikely alliance of Islamist militants and separatists from the Tuareg ethnic group launched a series of surprise attacks against government forces in Mali. They attacked the capital, Bamako; killed Mali's defense minister; and even evicted Russian forces from a key city they were defending on behalf of the government of Mali.

Mali has been beset by instability since a 2012 coup, a revolt by separatist groups in the north of the country, and the establishment of several jihadist groups. In this episode, Norman Sempijja, an associate professor of governance, economics, and social sciences at Mohammed VI Polytechnic University in Morocco, Norman Sempijja, explains what this new alliance of jihadists and separatists suggests about the trajectory of the crisis in Mali — and what the international community can do to end this spiraling conflict.