Today's episode discusses the death of individuals.

If this sort of thing upsets you, this is not the episode for you.

Welcome to Mayhem in the War with their host Doctor Kindoll crowns today's episode Gator Bait.

When a body comes into the medical examiner's office, one of the first things we do is identify that individual, and there are two methods for doing this, non scientific methods and scientific methods.

To day will be discussing the scientific methods.

Scientific methods can be one of five things.

It can be finger prints, comparison of dental X rays, comparison of radiographic studies done at hospitals, looking at serial numbers found on medical devices that are implanted in the body, and finally DNA.

The dental X rays, the radiographic studies, and the serial numbers all require you to have medical records of some sorts, so you have to have a bit of a presumptive id to get those in the first place.

Fingerprints, of course, everybody has them.

Everybody's are different because they form when you're a fetus, moving your hands around in the amniotic fluid, touching your face, et cetera.

Even if you're an identical twin your fingerprints are different.

DNA is incredibly helpful, but it does take a long period of time.

We try to exhaust all the other options before we resort to DNA.

First case we'll be discussing today was that of a sixty two year old male.

He was retired and enjoyed going fishing.

He would often spend three to four days off on a fishing trip all by himself.

Usually on these fishing trips, he would check in with his wife or talk to other family members every day.

He had checked in late in the evening on the day before his death, but the next day he did not call.

One whole day went by, and then on the second day, his wife became worried.

She tried to call him several times without success, so she decided to drive to the area where he was fishing at and look for him.

When she arrived at the boat ramp that he normally used, she found his truck and trailer.

She couldn't see his boat out on the lake, so she decided to notify the local police department.

The police department arrived on the scene, and then they notified the coast guard and the game wardens, and then the search began.

During the search of the area, they found his boat still anchored in about two to three feet of water.

Inside the boat was as wallet and cell phone, and near by was a ripped up pair of jeans, a boot, and a fish string or belt which is sometimes used to keep fish in a line while a person wades in the water.

When they picked up the torrent jeans, they also found two bones that looked like they were human, and they turned out to be human.

They were a tibbianphibula, which are the bones of your lower leg.

While they were searching the area, they noticed three large alligators nearby.

The alligators kept tracking and watching the search party the entire time.

The game wardens decided that the alligators were somehow involved, and the decision was made to shoot them.

I know for all you alligators lovers out there that this is a horrible moment, but it is what it is.

The three alligators were shot, and an individual that was contracted through that county for alligator removal came in and opened up the alligators and pulled out their stomachs, kind of like that scene and Jaws.

They opened the three stomachs up and amongst all sorts of debris, apparent soft tissue, and hair and bones that appeared to be human.

They bagged up the stomach contents and brought them to the medical examiner's office.

When we opened the bags containing the stomach contents, the first thing that hit us was an odd acid and swamp water smell.

It's hard to describe, but it was pretty bad.

All of the three bags contained mighty debris, grass, bits of frogs, rocks, and other random watery debris, but two of the three bags contained more.

They contained hair, portions of skin with bite marks in it, decomposed bits of muscle, crushed up bones, some looking like ribs, and some just completely unidentifiable.

There was there's one intact bone, though, It was the hyoid bone, which is the U shaped bone in your neck that your neck muscles attached to.

So these remains were definitely human.

The question was who is this individual?

We had to identify him somehow.

We didn't have teeth or anything like that.

We couldn't get fingerprints, we couldn't get dental X rays or radiographic studies because everything was so smashed up, so our only option was DNA.

There was enough left of some of the bones to get bone marrow from it, and we sent it off to a DNA lab.

The DNA lab got comparison DNA from family, and after a little while they were able to determine that this person was indeed the missing fisherman.

Question is is how did he die.

Did he have a heart attack and fall in the water and then the alligators ate him.

Did he purposely jump in the water and taunt the alligators causing them to eat him.

Did someone hit him over the head of a baseball bat and then the alligators ate him.

There's infinite possibilities.

You couldn't really determine how he died, so we're only left with the cause of death of undetermined and the manner undetermined.

But at least we were able to identify him.

The next case of scientific and identification that we'll discuss is again another DNA case.

In this case is a human head.

The head was found by a twelve year old Laprador retriever by the name of Carly.

It was early September and she was out playing in a dry creek bed near her neighborhood, as she routinely did.

She returned home that night with her new treasure and laid down on the front porch to settle in for a good shoe.

When her owners came out to see what she was playing with, to their horror, it was a human head.

One of the newspapers that interviewed the family after the human head was found quoted, she gets out and is always bringing things home, but this is the weirdest thing she has ever brought home though.

So once they saw the head, they called the local police department.

Police department came out and was like, well, that's a human head, and they brought it to the medical examiner's office.

And when we did the examination, what we found was early had found and intact partially skeletonized human head.

It had remaining dark brown mummifhiede skin on one side.

The jaw was still attached with dried tissue and muscle, but just barely.

Most of the teeth were gone, the eyes were gone, the nose was gone, the right ear was completely gone, and most of the left ear was gone as well.

There was still some attached, short buzzed brown hair, and nothing else came with the head.

Everything from the neck down was not recovered at that time.

I was able to pull some of the hairs with the root shaft, removed a tooth and cut out a small portion of skull for submonthing for DNA.

The DNA lab went about their job extracting DNA from the recovered tissues and they entered it into the National Missing and Unidentified Person System, or NamUs.

The DNA profiles put into NamUs then can be matched against other databases, including COTIS with a combined DNA index system run by the FBI.

And sure enough, once all this was done, they got a match, and the match turned out to be that of a forty one year old escape fugitive that was on the US Marshals Service's Top fifteen most wanted list at the time he disappeared.

He was at a residential re entry facility finishing up a thirteen year sentence for child sexual assault and possession of child pornography when one day he escaped out of an emergency exit and disappeared.

A few days after he escaped, there was a massive rainstorm with intense flooding in the area he was in.

The theory was as he probably got swept away by floodwaters and drowned.

He had been missing for six months when Carly found him, so he had had plenty of time to decompose and become mummified and be pulled apart by other scavenging animals or be washed away in the creek bed that he was in.

That's why no more of them had been found.

Law enforcement made an attempt to find more of them, and they even put a tracking collar on Carly to see if she would find more, but in that time period, she didn't find any more of him, and the law enforcement didn't find anything either.

Carly wasn't finding anything and the hazards were just too much.

In fact, all Carli found during that time period was a kid's baseball club.

The rest of the fugitive was never found, but we at least had identified him since he was on the US Marshall's Most Wanted List and he had been featured on national TV on a show called The Hunt.

It was decided to have a press conference announcing that he was found in what had happened to him, and closing the case for the public.

At this point in my career, I had been a medical examiner for over a decade, but I had never been involved directly in a press conference.

Always been kind of on the periphery.

But this time, it was going to be me talking to the media.

The day of the press conference, I showed up in my suit, tie in place, hair all combed, I was all ready to go.

There was the marshals, the local law enforcement, anthropology, the DNA analysts, and myself.

But the star of the show was Carly.

Her owners and Carly were there as well, and everybody was excited to see her.

Well, who wouldn't be.

I was excited to see her as well.

Really, no one cared that anybody else was there other than Carly.

The press conference began and each group came up and said their portion of the story.

And the one thing about the medical examiner is we're always the end, you know, because the guy died, the story ends with us.

After all.

The final two people to talk was a local law enforcement and then me.

So the DNA analyst had already talked about all that they had done to determine who he was, so there wasn't much for me to say there.

So the local law enforcement was just supposed to talk about their portion of the story where they had identified it as a human head and then brought it to the medical examler's office, but the officer instead decided to also tell what the Medical Examiner's Office found, including the cause and manner of death, and what they recovered to give to the DNA lab.

So really he told my entire portion of the story.

I had nothing to say.

I was standing there listening to him talk, and I was like, hey, you're telling my part of the story.

What am I say?

I was already nervous, my mouth was dry, and I was becoming increasingly cold, to the point of shivering, because when I get nervous, I get cold.

And I really didn't have a script or anything to go by, so I was just gonna wing it, which was already not a good idea.

So when I got up to the podium, I really had nothing to say, nothing to add.

I could have literally said well, Dido and sat down, because nothing was left for me to say.

But instead I said, well, law enforcement has already pointed out what the Medical Examiner's Office has done, and I will further reinforce the fact that the decedent's cause and manner of death is undetermined and undetermined because there was not enough recovered of him for us to make a scientific conclusion.

The press conference ended, my portion was edited out.

I did get a small quote in one of the newspapers basically saying it was undetermined, undetermined, and that was it.

Still, everybody was excited to see the dog, and no one really cared about me, which I'm I'm actually okay with.

I would just have to say, even if you're eaten and partially digested by alligators or decompose mummified, and you've been turned into a dog toy, we can still identify you.

That brings us to the end of the episode.

I hope you learned something, and I hope you were entertained until the next time.