How long do people have to live in America before they’re considered American? How long does it take to prove themselves as productive, peaceful members of society? For millions of immigrants who have lived in the United States for decades, the answer seems to be, “never.” Immigrants without documents or with temporary status are vulnerable to exploitation by their employers and have been made scapegoats by xenophobic politicians. Patricia Campos-Medina joins host Alex Lovit to discuss how problems with the United States’ immigration, labor, and democratic systems are connected—and what it will take to fix them.

Patricia Campos-Medina is a scholar of race, immigration, and labor. She’s the executive director of the Worker Institute at the School of Industrial and Labor Relations at Cornell University. She coauthored the 2025 book Legalized Inequalities: Immigration and Race in the Low-Wage Workplace.

https://www.ilr.cornell.edu/worker-institute

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