In this OIES podcast, Head of Carbon Management Research Hasan Muslemani speaks to Jazmin Mota about avoided emissions and their role in shaping credible, forward-looking climate strategies. The discussion defines avoided emissions as a comparative, system-level concept that estimates how much lower emissions could be relative to a realistic business-as-usual baseline, rather than emissions a company directly produces or offsets. The podcast clarifies how avoided emissions differ from reductions, removals, and offsets, positioning them as a measure of influence on wider systems rather than responsibility for past emissions. Using examples from energy and transport, the podcast shows how traditional carbon accounting can overlook the real climate value of solutions that enable others to emit less. It concludes by framing avoided emissions as a strategic decision-support tool that, when used transparently, can complement Scopes 1–3 accounting and help prioritise actions that genuinely shift emissions trajectories.

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