What happens when AI agents can design experiments, collect data, and improve — without a human in the loop? Andrej Karpathy joins Sarah Guo on the state of models, the future of engineering and education, thinking about impact on jobs, and his project AutoResearch: where agents close the loop on a piece of AI research (experimentation, training, and optimization, autonomously).

00:00 Andrej Karpathy Introduction

02:55 What Capability Limits Remain?

06:15 What Mastery of Coding Agents Looks Like

11:16 Second Order Effects of Natural Language Coding

15:51 Why AutoResearch 

22:45 Relevant Skills in the AI Era

28:25 Model Speciation

32:30 Building More Collaboration Surfaces for Humans and AI

37:28 Analysis of Jobs Market Data

48:25 Open vs. Closed Source Models

53:51 Autonomous Robotics

1:00:59 MicroGPT and Agentic Education

1:05:40 Conclusion