“We have a solution that is already here. It’s already doing the work that needs to be done. And all we have to do is let them complete the job.” Paul Koberstein

He has spent forty years reporting on the forests of the Pacific Northwest — and he is convinced they may be the most powerful climate technology on Earth.

Environmental journalist Paul Koberstein, co-author of Canopy of Titans: The Life and Times of the Great North American Temperate Rainforest, makes a deceptively simple argument: the oldest, biggest trees are not scenery, and they are not merely a timber reserve. They are among the most effective carbon-storage systems on the planet — and they are already running.

The book began as an investigation and became a celebration. Stretching some 2,500 miles north of San Francisco into Alaska, the great North American temperate rainforest holds some of the largest trees in the world and an immense capacity to draw carbon out of the air. The older a tree gets, the more it stores, and the more it keeps taking in every single day.

That reframes the whole climate conversation. We must stop burning fossil fuels, Koberstein insists — but that alone won’t undo three centuries of carbon already in the atmosphere. Only trees can do that. The machine exists. It is running. All we have to do is let it finish the job.

“These are the trees that we should protect — the old trees, the big trees, the trees that store the most carbon.” Paul Koberstein

In this episode of Constructive Voices, Jackie De Burca speaks with Paul about old growth and carbon, the difference between a forest and a plantation, the rapid dismantling of a century of US forest protection, wildfire and the violent “fires that make their own weather,” the misinformation flowing from the timber industry — and the question every builder should ask before specifying timber: what forest paid the price?

In this episode

Jackie and Paul explore why old forests deserve to be treated as critical climate infrastructure — and why protecting them is as much a political and communication challenge as an ecological one. They discuss:

• why the oldest, biggest trees are our best natural defence against climate change
• what the great North American temperate rainforest is, and why it matters far beyond its own region
• why a plantation is not a forest — on carbon, biodiversity and water
• how recent US policy is dismantling more than a century of forest conservation
• the eye-watering cost of the plan to thin 112 million acres — and what it means for democracy
• why “wildfire prevention” can be industrial logging in disguise
• pyrocumulonimbus: the fires so violent they punch smoke into the stratosphere
• why these fires now reach Spain, Portugal and the Mediterranean
• the symbiosis between salmon and trees
• the timber industry’s “plant three for every one we cut” messaging — and what it leaves out
• what the construction sector must ask about the timber it builds with
• why technological carbon capture won’t save us — but forests already are

“They’re not forests, they’re really just crops.” Paul Koberstein

Why this conversation matters

This episode is about far more than trees.

It is about power, extraction, communication and what we choose to value. Koberstein’s work asks a direct question: if we protect wetlands and coral reefs as critical natural systems, why not the old-growth forests that store more carbon than almost anything else on land?

Instead of spending fortunes to invent a carbon-removal machine that barely works, we could protect the proven one already standing around us. Instead of clearing old forests and calling the replanted crop a “forest,” we could take our timber from tree farms and leave the giants to keep working. Instead of selling industrial logging as fire safety, we could protect the old stands, thin the plantations, and harden the homes of the millions who live in wooded areas.

A century of conservation, unravelling fast

Koberstein does not reach for measured language when he describes the current direction of US forest policy. He calls it a dismantling of more than a century of progress, unfolding at an alarming rate — a 2025 executive order on timber production, an “emergency” determination covering more than 112 million acres of national forest, and the move to rescind the Roadless Rule that had protected nearly 59 million acres since 2001. The roads, he says, are the tell: they are the first step in opening an intact forest to everything that follows.

“It’s definitely more than just an attack on our forests. It’s an attack on democracy.” Paul Koberstein

Fires that make their own weather

One of the most striking parts of the conversation is Koberstein’s account of pyrocumulonimbus — pyroCb for short — wildfires so violent they generate their own weather systems, punching smoke and ash into the stratosphere where it can circle the globe for months. They spawn fire tornadoes that shred forests rather than merely burn them. During Australia’s Black Summer, 38 erupted in a single season. They now appear along the Spain–Portugal border too, hurling burning embers miles ahead of the fire front — “a hurricane of embers” that can take whole communities down.

The question for the built environment

Mass timber is being celebrated as a low-carbon future for construction — and it can be. But Koberstein’s argument sits underneath that promise as a necessary caution. “Renewable” can mislead if it hides what is actually happening in the forest. A young plantation does not hold the same carbon, provide the same habitat, or regulate water the way an old forest does. The deeper question for anyone specifying timber is not whether to build with wood, but what forest paid the price for it.

“All we have to do is protect these trees.” Paul Koberstein