In this opening podcast, Dr Walloch and Dr Henderson discuss the intrinsic link between antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and HCAIs; and how they significantly undermine patient safety and clinical outcomes. They explain why the inappropriate or excessive use of antimicrobials fosters the emergence of resistant pathogens, which in turn drive the incidence and severity of HCAIs. Together AMR and HCAIs increase mortality, morbidity and the economic burden of care; particularly vulnerable patients on Intensive Critical Care Units.