Trucks and buses keep the global economy moving, yet 94% still run on fossil fuels and the sector accounts for around 40% of road transport emissions. In this episode, Dr Lakshmi Supriya, Patent Analytics Officer at WIPO, and Jaidev Dhavle, Associate Programme Officer at IRENA, draw on the new joint WIPO–IRENA Patent Landscape Report: Decarbonizing Heavy-Duty Road Transport to examine what patent data reveals about innovation in the sector. They unpack why patents matter for the energy transition, the rise of battery-electric and hydrogen technologies, where innovation is concentrated, and the policy and investment shifts needed to turn this momentum into real impact.